Addiction from a biochemical point of view
Addictions are often seen as a kind of moral negligence or weakness on the part of the addict. This societal view of addiction is unjustified and actually contributes nothing to the solution for the addict. Addictions are never caused by a defective mind, but by the biochemical state of the brain. Just like developing a tumor, becoming addicted to a substance is likely both something that happens to someone because of how nature works. The way our brain works dictates what we think and what we do. Let's discuss addictions. It's not shameful, but together we can do something about it.
Addicted to narcotic drugs aka downers?
GHB, alcohol, and cannabis are substances that fall under the narcotic category. These depressants are often used to calm down but can be addictive for restless individuals. By stimulating GABA receptors, the calming effect is created, which releases dopamine. Dopamine is, among other things, a reward neurotransmitter, which makes it even more addictive, especially for individuals with already low dopamine levels. Especially for these individuals, the combination of GABA and DHEA can significantly increase the chance of successfully kicking these addictive substances. Several studies (here and here) suggest that activation of GABA receptors and increased DHEA concentration may statistically improve the chances of quitting addictive substances.
And the addictive uppers?
Uppers are stimulants such as caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, amphetamines, and MDMA. A similar process is at play with uppers. Instead of GABA playing a major role, dopamine now plays a larger role. Almost everything with an addictive effect exploits how our dopamine receptors work and how they influence stimulus conduction in the brain. Addictions such as gambling, pornography, social media, and food (sugar) also utilize this system. The more sensitive someone is to dopamine (for example, with overstimulation, ADD/ADHD, low dopamine levels, or loneliness), the more grip an addiction can have. When treating addictive uppers, the combination of DHEA and tyrosine, as well as GABA, can be helpful. Tyrosine is a building block of dopamine, among other things.
Epigenetics also plays a role
A relatively new area of science is the role of genetics and epigenetics in addiction. Some people are already more susceptible to addiction due to inherited genes. Certain drugs can switch genes on and off, a process known as epigenetics. This process can create a new balance of signaling molecules that can exacerbate an addiction. The following video is for those who are interested in epigenetics and have some understanding of biochemistry.
How to stop the addiction?
We previously wrote that the substances DHEA, GABA, and tyrosine can help curb dopamine cravings (addiction). This increases the chance of successfully quitting the addiction by approximately 38%, according to the aforementioned DHEA study. GABA has an additional positive effect in addressing addiction in downers, and tyrosine in uppers.
Psychedelics are known to significantly increase the chance of success. Besides altering the balance of neurotransmitters, which can be very effective against addiction, they can also turn certain genes on or off, making the addiction even more treatable. The serotonergic effect of psychedelics is known to work through the 5HT receptors and thus also BDNF receptors to influence epigenetics.
Our approach to addictions
In trip therapy, we use several methods simultaneously. First, after starting a program, we advise you on which foods and supplements can help you restore your neurochemistry. The suggested supplements can be those mentioned above or a combination that better suits the individual. This advice is based on the intake and neurotransmitter tests. For addictions, we often recommend a dopamine detox for a few days before a psychedelic session. About two weeks after starting a program, we use psychedelic sessions to further balance the brain. Sometimes the insights gained help you quit for good. It can also be the physical changes in the brain that occur after such a session.
Want to know more?
Use the links below to learn more about how the different elements of addiction treatment work together for the best results.
Dopamine | Dopamine detox | GABA | Serotonin | Psilocybin against addiction